The Voice of Allan Zade
This is an updated edition of the original article titled 'Human's Delusion of Time' published in 'International Journal of Scientific and Research publications' (IJSRP, ISSN 2250-3153, 2012).
Abstract—Time has intrigued humankind for thousands of years. From the beginning of its consciousness, humankind had some "idea," "feeling," or "vision" of Time.
Something ever happens around a human being. The Sun rises and falls to/from the horizon. The Moon moves through the stars. Rivers run to the oceans, and falling leaves follow river streams to disappear forever. Even human lives follow the flow of Time to vanish from the memories of the next generations.
For thousands of years, humankind has gradually returned to the concept of Time in a desperate attempt to find the answer to the most fundamental question: What is time? Many other questions related to the idea of Time are strongly connected to that question.
This work is dedicated to finding the correct answer to that question and digs deeper into some aspects of Z-Theory published recently (2011). Hence, the investigation begins in the mist of the first steps of Earth’s civilizations, their belief systems, and theology.
Index Terms - Philosophy; Time; Physics; Delusion; Innate Idea; Humankind; Z-Theory.
From childhood, humankind has been interested in a number of things that it believed to be real, including the basic properties of the world. In the Age of the Prehistoric gods, mankind made a connection between each observable phenomenon and some god who was responsible for a number of events.
Ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome had many gods. Each of them had power and used it as they wished. They appeared in legends as entities that looked like humans with excellent physical and mental conditions. Their behavior resembled human behavior. For example, many got angry in case of abuse or disobedience from the other gods. They fell in love with each other and raised children as a new generation of the gods. Humans did similar things, creating families and growing their children.
Gods had personal responsibility for some events and ruled human lives that way. For example, Zeus was worshiped as the Chief god of the other gods. He had an incredible ability to throw lightning from the Sky to the Earth to condemn or punish humans for disobedience. Poseidon was a god of the sea and a god of water. He has a symbol of his power – the Trident that he ever holds in his hand. Ancient people in Greece and Rome worshiped many other gods. Among them was one god with a unique duty who cared about Time. That was Chronos. People usually portrayed him as an old, wise man with a long, grey beard. That depiction coincides with human imagination regarding the passage of Time. They believed that wisdom comes mostly to men with a gray beard.
This example shows that. Human's vision of Time has deep roots in human philosophy and theology. Even ancient people saw that something had changed in their everyday lives. Something was done yesterday, has to be done today, and will be done tomorrow. Language and the human mind took past, present, and future categories. The whole life of the ancient people was divided into periods such as days, months, and years. People dedicated some days to work and others to celebrating holidays in honor of the gods. A calendar was invented in ancient times to show the suitable days to worship the gods.
This example shows that. Human's vision of Time has deep roots in human philosophy and theology. Even ancient people saw something that continuously changed in their everyday lives. Something was done yesterday, has to be done today, and will be done tomorrow. Language and the human mind possess past, present, and future categories. The whole life of the ancient people was divided into periods such as days, months, and years. People dedicate some days to work and others to celebrating holidays in honor of the gods. A calendar was invented in ancient times to show when to worship the gods.
Greek calendar is any of a variety of dating systems used by the several city-states in the time of classical Greece and differing in the names of their months and in times of beginning the year. Each of these calendars attempted to combine in a single system the lunar year of 12 cycles of phases of the moon, totaling about 354 days, and the solar year of about 365 days. Generally, three extra months were intercalated in every period of eight solar years.
The ancient Greek calendar incorporated a few key features. Those are notions of a year, a month, and a day. Each idea associated with the calendar perfectly relates to a celestial body and its observable behavior. Ancient people could use only observation with the naked eye and easily observable aspects of the celestial bodies to keep their calendar synchronized with celestial events in the heavens and seasons of the Earth.
Moreover, we have to remember that. According to the cosmology of ancient Greece, the Earth was the motionless center of the Universe. That point of view was not under question for an exceptionally long time. The same point of view permitted only two celestial bodies to move around the Earth. Those were the Sun and the Moon. The duration of one complete revolution of the Sun around the statically located Earth appeared for ancient people as a day. That was a fundamental aspect of the Heavens. Hence, they understood the duration of the revolution of another celestial body around the Earth in connection with the duration of a day. In other words, another duration was comparable with the duration of one complete revolution of the Sun around the Earth.
Even today, we can see the result from ancient people's point of view. Their calendar consisted of 365 days in one solar year. Hence, the duration of one year was 365 times greater than the duration of a day. Each month consisted of 30 or 29 days, and it shows that the duration of a month was 29 or 30 times greater than the duration of a day. Consequently, each period of the calendar's circle can be shown as the number of days as soon as the sum of the duration of those days becomes equal to the duration of any given circle of a celestial event.
That method had one serious problem. The visible periods of celestial bodies' revolutions around the Earth do not precisely match the summarizing duration of days. Hence, the whole method has an embedded precision problem. That problem requires additional activity from humans to adjust the calendar (from time to time) and consider additional periods with more or less additional duration to keep that calendar usable and suitable for its purpose.